What are the typical reference ranges for Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)?

ESS Score: 0–5 (Normal) | 6–10 (High Normal) | 11–15 (Mild-Moderate sleepiness) | 16–24 (Severe excessive daytime sleepiness)

What does a high or low result indicate?

Measures dozing probability in eight everyday sedentary situations on a 0 to 3 score scale.

Evaluates daytime sleepiness levels to screen for sleep apnea, narcolepsy, or chronic sleep deprivation disorders.

Sitting and reading?

Watching television?

Sitting inactive in a public place (e.g., a theater or a meeting)?

As a passenger in a car for an hour without a break?

Lying down to rest in the afternoon when circumstances permit?

Sitting and talking to someone?

Sitting quietly after a lunch without alcohol?

In a car, while stopped for a few minutes in traffic?

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