Diseases

Aortic Regurgitation (AR) is a valvular heart disease characterized by the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole due to…

Aortic stenosis (AS) is a progressive valvular heart disease characterized by a narrowing of the aortic valve opening, which obstructs blood flow from the left…

Mitral stenosis (MS) is a valvular heart disease characterized by a narrowing of the mitral valve orifice, impeding blood flow from the left atrium to…

Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium, the two-layered sac-like membrane that surrounds the heart. This inflammation can lead to chest pain and, in some…

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium (heart muscle) that can lead to myocardial dysfunction, arrhythmias, and in severe cases, heart failure or sudden…

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe microbial infection of the endocardium, typically involving heart valves (native or prosthetic) or intracardiac devices. It is characterized by…

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, characterized by rapid, disorganized electrical activity in the atria, leading to an irregular and often…

Heart failure is a chronic, progressive condition in which the heart muscle is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs for blood…

Myocardial Infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, is a life-threatening condition characterized by the irreversible necrosis (death) of a segment of the heart…

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a common cardiovascular condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the…